Sewage Purification and Disposal

Sewage Sludge Disposal in Switzerland

Sewage sludge was used as fertilizer in agriculture in Switzerland since the begin ning of modern waste water treatment. During the last 40 years several difficulties arose with the agricultural use. The problems with pathogenic germs could be solved with a prepasteurisation. The contamination with heavy metals was reduced during the years but remained a cause for concern. The fear of mad cow d...

Sustainability of Domestic Sewage Sludge Disposal

Activated sludge is now one of the most widely used biological processes for the treatment of wastewaters from medium to large populations. It produces high amounts of sewage sludge that can be managed and perceived in two main ways: as a waste it is discharged in landfill, as a fertilizer it is disposed in agriculture with direct application to soil or subjected to anaerobic digestion and comp...

The Disposal of Sewage in Cantonments

Using Vitrification for Sewage Sludge Combustion Ash Disposal

The aim of this paper is to show possibilities for effective processing of hazardous waste using the vitrification method, which is recommended for disposing of ash from the combustion of sewage sludge and developing a process for the conversion of waste to a sustainable and environmentally safe product. The use of vitrification solves the problem of utilizing some hazardous waste by simultaneo...

Protozoal Development and Natural Purification of Flowing Sewage

A large volume of literature has accumulated ?n the "self-purification" of sewage-contaminated streams and rivers, and the process of purification Under these conditions has been reported to be one to factors such as the turbulence and speed of flow of the polluted waters, the depth and type of the bed of the watercourse, the extent of dilutlQn, sedimentation, surface area, sunlight, temperatur...